{"id":2787,"date":"2018-04-12T11:53:58","date_gmt":"2018-04-12T08:53:58","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.tasarimgunlukleri.com\/?p=2787"},"modified":"2018-04-12T11:55:51","modified_gmt":"2018-04-12T08:55:51","slug":"antik-misir-bolum-1-misir-yapilari","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.tasarimgunlukleri.net\/index.php\/2018\/04\/12\/antik-misir-bolum-1-misir-yapilari\/","title":{"rendered":"ANT\u0130K MISIR: B\u00f6l\u00fcm 1 M\u0131s\u0131r Yap\u0131lar\u0131"},"content":{"rendered":"

Antik M\u0131s\u0131r mimarl\u0131\u011f\u0131 ve sanat\u0131 g\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fczde d\u00fcnya i\u00e7in hala ilgi ve merak konusudur. Peki M\u0131s\u0131rl\u0131lar ne yapm\u0131\u015f ki biz inceliyoruz. Bu yaz\u0131 dizisinde bunlar\u0131 anlatmaya \u00e7al\u0131\u015faca\u011f\u0131m.<\/p>\n

Antik M\u0131s\u0131r konumsal olarak Kuzey Afrika’n\u0131n do\u011fusun da bulunan ve Nil nehrinin etraf\u0131nda bulunup, \u015fehir ve yap\u0131lara ev sahipli\u011fi yap\u0131yor. Genellikle bildi\u011finiz \u00fczere \u00fcnl\u00fc ve \u00e7ok eski yap\u0131lar\u0131 mevcuttur.<\/p>\n

\u00c7ok Tanr\u0131l\u0131 bir dine sahip olan Antik M\u0131s\u0131r, \u00f6ld\u00fckten sonraki ya\u015fama inan\u00e7lar\u0131, mimarisine ve sanat\u0131na etki etmi\u015ftir. Bizde ilerleyen yaz\u0131lar\u0131m\u0131zda M\u0131s\u0131r Mitolojisine de biraz de\u011finece\u011fiz ki M\u0131s\u0131r tarihini ve yap\u0131lar\u0131n\u0131 daha rahat anlayabilelim.<\/p>\n

Piramitler:<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n

Piramitleri asl\u0131nda geometri derslerinden hepimiz hat\u0131rl\u0131yoruz. Piramit d\u00f6rtgen tabanl\u0131 ve \u00fcst noktas\u0131 sivri olan \u00fc\u00e7genlerden olu\u015fmu\u015f formlard\u0131r.<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/a>
Keops Piramiti Kesit<\/strong><\/em><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

 <\/p>\n

Bu yap\u0131lar Antik M\u0131s\u0131rda Firavun(H\u00fck\u00fcmdar)\u00a0 ve soylular i\u00e7in yap\u0131lm\u0131\u015f mezarlard\u0131r. Daha \u00f6ncede bahsetti\u011fim gibi \u00f6l\u00fcmden sonra ki ya\u015fam fikri o zamanlar pop\u00fcler oldu\u011fu i\u00e7in, \u00f6len ki\u015filere\u00a0 ait olan e\u015fyalarla birlikte g\u00f6m\u00fcl\u00fc oldu\u011fu yerdir. Ve baz\u0131lar\u0131n\u0131n gizemi hala \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fclememi\u015ftir. Yap\u0131lar h\u0131rs\u0131zlardan korunabilmesi i\u00e7in karma\u015f\u0131k yollar ve labirentlerle tasarlanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Piramitlerin i\u00e7inde de farkl\u0131 odalar bulunmaktad\u0131r. Bunlar Kral Mezarlar\u0131, tap\u0131nak odalar\u0131 gibi i\u00e7 mekanlard\u0131r. \u0130\u00e7eride koridorlar boyunca da \u00f6len ki\u015finin ya\u015fam\u0131 hiyerogliflerle anlat\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Bu hiyeroglifler de mezar sahibi hakk\u0131nda ve tarih hakk\u0131nda bizlere bilgi vererek\u00a0 kaynak sa\u011flam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n

Piramitler, hi\u00e7 bir zaman tek yap\u0131lmam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. \u00c7evresinde farkl\u0131 yap\u0131lar da mevcuttur. Mekanlar da dik a\u00e7\u0131l\u0131 bir kompozisyon uygunlanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. M\u0131s\u0131r da yakla\u015f\u0131k olarak 80 tane piramit bulunmu\u015ftur. 2700 y\u0131l boyunca bu piramitler firavunlar ve soylular i\u00e7in olduk\u00e7a pop\u00fcler yap\u0131lar olmu\u015ftur. \u00c7ok maliyetli oldu\u011fundan dolay\u0131 ise bir s\u00fcre sonra yap\u0131lmamaya ba\u015flanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n

Malzeme olarak ise tu\u011fla ve ta\u015f kullan\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n

En \u00f6nemli piramitlerden birisi belkide en \u00f6nemlisi Keops piramididir. Bu piramit hem geometrik olarak, hem konumland\u0131rmas\u0131 b\u00fcy\u00fck bir matematiksel ba\u015far\u0131n\u0131n \u00fcr\u00fcn\u00fcd\u00fcr. Piramit neredeyse her biri 2.5 ton olan olan b\u00fcy\u00fck ta\u015f bloklardan yap\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. D\u00fcnyan\u0131n 7 harikas\u0131ndan biri olarak g\u00f6r\u00fclen bu yap\u0131 hala ayaktad\u0131r ve hala ke\u015ffedilmemi\u015f bir s\u00fcr\u00fc gizemi mevcuttur.\"\"<\/a><\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

Mastabalar:<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

\"\"<\/a>
Mastaba<\/strong><\/em><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n
\"\"<\/a>
Zoser Piramidi<\/em><\/strong><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

Mezar yap\u0131lar\u0131n\u0131n ilk \u00f6rneklerinden olan mastabalar, kare planl\u0131 olup, duvarlar\u0131 e\u011fimli olan daha sade yap\u0131lard\u0131r. Mastabalar\u0131n \u00fcst \u00fcste gelmesiyle de olu\u015fan yap\u0131larda vard\u0131r. Bu yap\u0131ya \u00f6rnek olarak da Zoser Piramidi mevcuttur. Bu yap\u0131lar piramitlere \u00f6nc\u00fc ve ilham olmu\u015ftur. Yine ta\u015f ve tu\u011fladan yap\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Defin odalar\u0131 yerin alt\u0131na \u00a0g\u00f6m\u00fcl\u00fcd\u00fcr.<\/p>\n

Tap\u0131naklar:<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n

Antik M\u0131s\u0131rda tap\u0131naklar \u00f6nemli bir yere sahiptir. g\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fcz yap\u0131lar\u0131na bile ilham kayna\u011f\u0131 olan bu yap\u0131lar\u0131n baz\u0131lar\u0131 hala ayaktad\u0131r. Genellikle b\u00fcy\u00fck \u00f6l\u00e7ekte olan bu yap\u0131lar \u00e7o\u011funlukla kayal\u0131klara in\u015fa edilmi\u015f olup kolanadl\u0131d\u0131rlar. Bu yap\u0131lar belli bir aksa oturtulmu\u015ftur. giri\u015f k\u0131s\u0131mlar\u0131na sfenks ve obeliskler bulunur. Bu yap\u0131lar da avlu olmas\u0131 da bu yap\u0131lar\u0131n genel \u00f6zelliklerindendir. Yine kar\u015f\u0131m\u0131za \u00e7\u0131kan r\u00f6lyef kabartma ve hiyeroglifler bulunmaktad\u0131r. Nil nehrine genellikle dik a\u00e7\u0131l\u0131 olan bu yap\u0131lar y\u00fcksek duvarlarla \u00e7evrilidirler. Bu yap\u0131lara \u00f6rnek olarak da ;<\/p>\n

Karnak Tap\u0131na\u011f\u0131<\/strong><\/em>\"\"<\/a><\/p>\n

Ebu Simbel Tap\u0131na\u011f\u0131<\/em><\/strong>\"\"<\/a><\/p>\n

Kem Ombo<\/em><\/strong>\"\"<\/a><\/p>\n

Denderah Tap\u0131na\u011f\u0131 bu yap\u0131lardan baz\u0131lar\u0131d\u0131r.<\/p>\n

Sfenks:<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n

\"\"<\/a><\/p>\n

Sfenks M\u0131s\u0131r’da piramiti korumak i\u00e7in yap\u0131lm\u0131\u015f devasa k\u00fctleli heykeldir. Ordan ge\u00e7en insanlara bilmeceler sorar ve bilemeyenleri yok eder. Sfenksin b\u00fcy\u00fck \u00e7o\u011funlu\u011fu tek par\u00e7a ta\u015ftan oyularak yap\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Boyu 72 metre y\u00fcksekli\u011fi 20 metre eni ise 4 metre civar\u0131d\u0131r. Normalde renklidir. Ama bu renkler g\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fcze ula\u015famam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. \u00c7o\u011fu par\u00e7as\u0131da k\u0131r\u0131lm\u0131\u015f ve zarar g\u00f6rm\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr(burnu ve sakal\u0131). Kendisi i\u00e7in bir s\u00fcr\u00fc efsane vard\u0131r.<\/p>\n

Genel olarak \u00f6zetlemek gerekirse; Hiyeroglifler, ta\u015f oymalar\u0131, r\u00f6lyef kabartmalar, Piramit Mezarlar Sfenks ve obeliskler, Dik a\u00e7\u0131l\u0131 akslar ve aksa ba\u011fl\u0131 mekan organizasyonlar\u0131, temiz ve basit geometriler , avlulu ve kolonadl\u0131 tap\u0131naklar,\u00a0 masif ve k\u00fctlesel duru\u015f, Antik M\u0131s\u0131r mimarisini tan\u0131mam\u0131za yard\u0131mc\u0131 olur.<\/p>\n

Tasar\u0131mla Kal\u0131n, Di\u011fer yaz\u0131 M\u0131s\u0131r Mitolojisi hakk\u0131nda olacakt\u0131r. Takipte kal\u0131n…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Antik M\u0131s\u0131r mimarl\u0131\u011f\u0131 ve sanat\u0131 g\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fczde d\u00fcnya i\u00e7in hala ilgi ve merak konusudur. Peki M\u0131s\u0131rl\u0131lar ne yapm\u0131\u015f ki biz inceliyoruz. Bu yaz\u0131 dizisinde bunlar\u0131…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":7,"featured_media":2791,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[33],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-2787","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-gunluk","post-item"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.tasarimgunlukleri.net\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2787","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.tasarimgunlukleri.net\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.tasarimgunlukleri.net\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.tasarimgunlukleri.net\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/7"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.tasarimgunlukleri.net\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=2787"}],"version-history":[{"count":11,"href":"https:\/\/www.tasarimgunlukleri.net\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2787\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":2823,"href":"https:\/\/www.tasarimgunlukleri.net\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2787\/revisions\/2823"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.tasarimgunlukleri.net\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/2791"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.tasarimgunlukleri.net\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=2787"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.tasarimgunlukleri.net\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=2787"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.tasarimgunlukleri.net\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=2787"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}